According to Air Power Australia, the West has paid scant attention to a growing problem—the evolution of Cold War legacy surface-to-air missiles into hybrid forms. Defense analyst Carlo Kopp writing in APA’s Notam says that this hybridization—the relatively inexpensive but sophisticated upgrades to stocks of older SAMs—may well “be occurring on a larger scale than previously anticipated.” He says the “more sophisticated upgrades” increase “radar performance, jam resistance, and track capabilities” and even the mobility or kinematic range. Kopp’s Notam offers examples. This is worth noting.
Watchdog Says Military Can Make Cyber Ops More Efficient
Sept. 17, 2025
The Government Accountability Office called for paring down the military's sprawling cyber enterprise in a recent report, amid renewed discussion about standing up a separate cyber force.
